Symptoms

What Are the Common Symptoms That Indicate the Need for Kidney Stone Removal?

• Sharp pain in the lower back or sides (flank area)
• Discomfort or burning sensation while urinating
• Presence of blood in the urine (hematuria)
• Nausea accompanied by vomiting
• Low-grade fever, especially if there is an infection
• Frequent urge to urinate
• Passing only small amounts of urine despite the urge

Risk Factors – Kidney Stone Removal Surgery

Kidney stone removal surgery may involve the following risk factors:

• Risks of anesthesia

• Minor bleeding

• Infection

• Temporary dizziness

• Perforation of the ureter

• Injury to other organs or structures

Preparation for Kidney Stone Removal Surgery

• The patient is required to undergo a Pre-Surgery Check-up (PSC), which includes blood tests, ECG, ECHO for cardiac evaluation, and urine tests to assess surgical fitness.

• A consent form must be signed before the operation to authorize the surgeon to proceed with the treatment.

• Patients must inform the doctor about any ongoing medications.

• Hospital admission typically occurs on the same day before the procedure; fasting (empty stomach) is advised.

• Blood thinners should be stopped at least 10 days before surgery.

• The cost for Kidney Stone Removal Surgery in India starts from 2500 to 4000 USD, depending on the city, hospital, and the surgeon’s qualifications and experience.

Kidney Stone Removal Surgery – Step-by-Step Procedure

To accurately diagnose kidney stones, doctors typically recommend a thorough medical evaluation, which may include:

• Blood tests

• X-rays

• CT (Computed Tomography) scans

• MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging)

Prior to surgery, both the surgeon and anesthesiologist will discuss the procedure in detail, including its benefits, potential complications, and expected outcomes.

Step 1 – Administering Anesthesia

Kidney stone removal surgery usually lasts between 60 and 90 minutes, depending on the selected method. The procedure is conducted under either local or general anesthesia to ensure patient comfort and eliminate pain during the operation.

Step 2 – Surgical Methods for Stone Removal

The choice of surgical approach depends on the size, location, and type of kidney stone. Common techniques include:

1. Extracorporeal Shock Wave Lithotripsy (ESWL)

A non-invasive technique that uses sound waves to shatter the stone into small particles, which are then naturally expelled through urine.

2. Ureteroscopy

A minimally invasive procedure in which a slender, flexible device called a ureteroscope is inserted through the urethra and bladder into the ureter or kidney. The stone is either removed directly or fragmented using laser or specialized instruments.

3. Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy (PCNL)

Ideal for larger or complex stones, this method involves a small incision in the back, through which a scope is introduced into the kidney. The stone is then broken up and extracted using laser or pneumatic tools.

4. Open Surgery

Reserved for rare or complicated cases, this traditional method involves a larger incision to manually access and remove the kidney stone.

Step 3 – Wound Closure

Following the procedure, the incision site is closed using one or more of the following methods, depending on the surgical technique used:

• Sutures (stitches)

• Surgical adhesives

• Sterile tapes

• Skin clips

Step 4 – Recovery and Outcome

Kidney stone removal procedures are generally safe and effective, with a success rate of up to 99% when performed by trained professionals. Most patients recover with minimal complications and experience significant relief from symptoms.

Post-Procedure Care

• The doctor will provide detailed instructions on post-surgery care, including recovery guidelines, incision care, medications, and overall management.

• The stent, if placed during surgery, will typically be removed 7 to 10 days after the procedure.

• Patients are encouraged to drink plenty of fluids to aid recovery and prevent future kidney stones.

Success Rate

Kidney stone removal surgery is a common and generally safe procedure. It carries minimal risks and has a high success rate—approximately 99% when performed by experienced specialists

FAQs from the Doctor

1. Are you a board-certified urologist in India?

2. How many years of experience do you have in urology and kidney stone treatment?

3. How many kidney stone removal surgeries do you perform daily or weekly?

4. Is your hospital accredited and certified to perform these types of surgeries?

5. Am I a suitable candidate for this procedure?

6. What is the success rate of this surgery, and how long does recovery typically take?

7. What treatment plan do you recommend for me, and why?

8. What options are available if I am not satisfied with the outcome of the surgery?

9. What are the advantages and disadvantages of kidney stone removal surgery?

10. What are the total costs involved in this procedure?

11. What does my health insurance cover for this surgery?

12. How should I prepare for kidney stone removal surgery?

13. How long will I need to stay in the hospital and rest at home?

14. What are the risks or possible complications of this surgery?

15. When can I return to normal activities like work and exercise?

16. Will I have stitches, staples, or bandages after surgery?

17. Will the surgery leave any scars or permanent marks?

18. What kind of results can I expect from this procedure?

19. Will I need another surgery in the future?

20. Are follow-up appointments or tests required after the surgery?